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苏联 (sūlián) is the Chinese abbreviation for the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), which was a federal socialist state that existed from 1922 to 1991.
The history of 苏联 (sūlián) can be traced back to the Russian Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government and established the first socialist state in the world. In 1922, the Soviet Union was officially formed as a federation of socialist republics, including Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and others.
Under the leadership of Joseph Stalin, the Soviet Union underwent rapid industrialization and collectivization, but also faced political repression and human rights abuses. During World War II, the Soviet Union played a crucial role in defeating Nazi Germany and emerged as a superpower alongside the United States.
After Stalin's death in 1953, the Soviet Union went through a period of de-Stalinization under the leadership of Nikita Khrushchev. However, tensions with the United States continued to escalate during the Cold War, with the two superpowers engaging in a nuclear arms race and competing for influence in other countries.
In the late 1980s, the Soviet Union faced economic and political turmoil, leading to the collapse of the communist government and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The former Soviet republics became independent countries, and the Russian Federation emerged as the successor state to the Soviet Union.
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