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虽然...，但是...。
雖然...，但是...。
suī rán ..., dàn shì ...
phr. although... but...
Discussion of 虽然...，但是...。/雖然...，但是...。
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Let’s take a look at the uses of conjunctions 虽然 (suīrán)…，但是 (dànshì)…。These two conjunctions are often used together to indicate the admission of a fact then the turn to the main idea. 虽然 (suīrán) leads the subordinate clause, and 但是 (dànshì), the main clause. For example:

E.g.1 他虽然不聪明，但是学习非常努力。 [tā suīrán bù cōngmíng, dànshì xuéxí fēicháng nǔlì.] [phr] Although he is not smart, he studies really hard.

In this structure, we can also use 可是 (kěshì), 不过 (bùguò) or 却 (què) instead:
虽然…，可是…。 E.g.他虽然不聪明，可是学习非常努力。 [Tā suīrán bù cōngmíng, kěshì xuéxí fēicháng nǔlì.] [phr] Although he is not smart, he studies really hard.
虽然…，不过…。 E.g.他虽然不聪明，不过学习非常努力。 [Tā suīrán bù cōngmíng, bùguò xuéxí fēicháng nǔlì.] [phr] Although he is not smart, he studies really hard.
虽然…，…却…。 E.g. 虽然他不聪明，学习却非常努力。 [Suīrán tā bù cōngmíng, xuéxí què fēicháng nǔlì.] [phr] Although he is not smart, he studies really hard.
lisaC
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In this structure, 但是 is often used alone in the main clause if we do not particularly emphasise on the adversation.
E.g.1 他不聪明，但是学习非常努力。 [phr] He is not smart, but he studies really hard.
If we put the main clause first, then the subordinate, we can only use 虽然 in the subordinate clause. 但是 cancer be used at the same time in the main clause:
E.g.2 他学习非常努力，虽然他不聪明。［phr］He studies really hard, although he is not very smart.
In E.g.2, we cannot say “*但是他学习非常努力，虽然他不聪明。”
lisaC
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