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因此
因此
yīn cǐ
conj. so, therefore
Discussion of 因此
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In this post we discuss two conjunction: 所以 and 因此. Both mean “so, therefore”, but they are not entirely the same in terms of collocation.
1. 所以 can be paired with 因为 or 由于 to form such structure
因为……，所以……。 E.g. 因为这是我们的第一节课，所以我不知道你们的名字。 [phr] This is our first lesson, so I don't know your names.
由于……，所以……。E.g. 由于这是我们的第一节课，所以我不知道你们的名字。 [phr] This is our first lesson, so I don't know your names.
因此 can only be paired with 由于 and form this structure: 由于……，因此……。
E.g. 由于他工作认真，因此得到了大家的信任。 [phr] Because he works with a serious attitude, he has won everybody's trust.
2. 所以 can be used between the subject and the predicate. But 因此 cannot be used in this way.
E.g. 他所以取得这么好的成绩，是因为他平时一直都很努力。 [phr] The reason why he achieved such good grades is that he has always worked hard.
lisaC
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Is 因此 (yīncǐ) used in formal or informal settings?
个学生
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因此 (yīncǐ) is used in both formal and informal settings. It is a very common word in Chinese and is used to express the idea of "so, therefore". It is often used to draw a conclusion from a previous statement or to introduce a new idea.
当老师
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About 从而，于是，因而，因此，所以 (and 然而):
1. 从而 (conj) indicates result or further action. 从而 is used at the beginning of the second clause of a sentence, and the subject of the second clause is the same as the first clause. 从而 is used in formal written Chinese. 从而 cannot be used behind a subject.
Example: 他及时踩刹车，从而避免了危险。 r/s [phr] He stepped on the brake in time, thus avoided the danger.
2. 于是 (conj) indicates that one event or action happens right after another event or action. It connects the cause and the effect. 于是 can be used after a subject. In this example below, we can also say “…, 她于是不哭了。”
Example: 我给她买了好吃的东西，于是她不哭了。 [phr] I bought something good to eat for her, therefore, she stopped crying.
3. 所以 (conj) indicates result. can be paired with 因为 or 由于 to form fixed structures. 所以 can be used between the subject and the predicate. But 因此 cannot be used in this way.
Examples:
- 因为……，所以……。 E.g. 因为这是我们的第一节课，所以我不知道你们的名字。 [phr] This is our first lesson, so I don't know your names.
- 由于……，所以……。E.g. 由于这是我们的第一节课，所以我不知道你们的名字。 [phr] This is our first lesson, so I don't know your names.
- 他所以取得这么好的成绩，是因为他平时一直都很努力。 [phr] The reason why he achieved such good grades is that he has always worked hard.
4. 因此 (conj) indicates the result from the reason mentioned in the previous clause. 此 in 因此means “this”, and it specifically refers back to the first clause of the sentence. 因此can be paired with 由于 and form a fixed structure. 因此 is very similar to 所以, but please check out notes under 因此 or 所以 for their differences.
由于……，因此……。
5. 因而 and 因此 are basically used in the same way.
6. 然而 (conj) means “however”. 然而 is something totally different from all the other words mentioned in this post and we do not consider 然而 as a comparable synonym to the other words.
lisaC
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How can I use 因此 (yīncǐ) in a sentence?
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因此 (yīncǐ) is used to indicate a logical consequence or conclusion. For example, you can say:
"我们没有足够的时间，因此 (yīncǐ) 我们不能完成任务。"
This means "We don't have enough time, so we can't finish the task."
当老师
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