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The difference between 小朋友 (xiǎo péngyou) and 孩子 (háizi) is that 小朋友 specifically refers to young children or kids, while 孩子 can refer to children of any age.
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The correct way to address a group of children in Chinese is to use the word "孩子" (háizi). This word literally translates to "child" and is used to refer to a group of children. It is also used as a term of endearment when addressing a single child.
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Hi Sahebkhan418!When we refer to a child in general, 孩儿 is more informal than 孩子. Note that the er sound (儿) is only popular in mainland China and some other countries and regions. In other countries and regions, the er sound isn't a common practice. Both are used commonly in daily Chinese language and are highly interchangeable, e.g. 小孩子 and 小孩儿 are interchangeable, which both mean "small child".
When we refer to someone's child, we will only use 孩子. For example, we will only say "他有三个孩子。" (meaning "He has three children."). We will not use 孩儿 to replace 孩子 this sentence.
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