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In Simplified Chinese, 食 (shí) is commonly used to refer to food or to eating. It is often used o refer to the act of eating, such as in the idiom 暴饮暴食 (bào yǐn bào shí , "eat and drink too much"). It can also be used to refer to food in general, such as 美食 (měi shí, "delicious food, delicacy"). It can also be used to refer to a specific type of food, such as 面食 (miàn shí, "food made from wheat", such as noodles, steamed buns, etc.).
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No, 吃 (chī) and 食 (shí) cannot be used interchangeably as a verb meaning "to eat" in modern Chinese.
吃 (chī) is the commonly used verb for "to eat," while 食 (shí) is rarely used in spoken language. While "食" is recognized and understood, it's generally considered more formal and literary than "吃" and it appears in idioms, such as 暴饮暴食 (eat and drink too much.)
Therefore, we say 吃饭 (chī fàn) to mean "to eat," and 食饭 (shí fàn) is not a standard or common phrase in modern Mandarin.
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