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全
全
quán
v./adj./adv. keep intact; complete; whole, entire; without exception; entirely
Discussion of 全
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In this post we discuss the differences between 都 and 全 when they are adverbs. These two adverbs can both be translated as “all” in English. In some sentences they are interchangeable, but in some others, they are not. What are their differences?

In the examples below (1a&1b)，either 全 or 都 can be used. The meaning of the sentence does not change.
E.g. 1a 他左边的身体全 (or 都)湿了。 [phr] The left side of his body was all wet.
E.g. 1b 他连面条带饺子全 (or 都)吃光了。 [phr] He ate up all the noodles as well as dumplings.
全 emphasises the “entirety", therefore there must be a range of certain things or people before 全. In E.g. 1a, “the left side of his body” is the range, and in E.g. 1b, “all the noodles and dumplings” is the range. The emphasis of 都 is a bit different: its emphasis is on the nature of being the same.

There are some circumstances where only 都 can be used:

1. When we are referring to “anyone” of a group without exception, usually 每, 各 or 任何 is used (E.g. 2a&2b). Or sometimes, we use 谁, 什么 or 哪儿 (E.g. 3a&3b). Only 都 can be used in these sentences. 全 cannot be used.
E.g. 2a 他每周都洗车。 [phr] he washes his car every week.
E.g. 2b 任何事情他都必须知道。 [phr] He has to know everything.
E.g. 3a 像校长这样的人，到哪里都很受欢迎。 [phr] People like the headmaster are popular no matter where they go.
E.g. 3b 叫我干什么都行。 [phr] Whatever I am assigned to do, I will do that.

2. When we are referring to the same situation under different conditions, in different times or in different places. Look at E.g. 4 below. 全 cannot be used in this sentence.
E.g. 4 在以前的工作岗位上，我都没有遇到过这样的问题。 [phr] In my previous places of work, I have never encountered such a problem.

3. When the things we are referring to are not specified (E.g.5). 全 cannot be used in this sentence.
E.g. 5 你都读过哪些书？ [phr] What books have you read?
lisaC
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In this post, we analyse the differences of 全 and 全部.

1.全 and 全部 can both be used before verbs or adjectives as the adverbial adjuncts. In this case, they are usually be interchangeable. For instance:
E.g. 1 他的丑事全被兜出来了。 [phr] His scandal was completely exposed. ＝他的丑事全部被兜出来了。
E.g. 2 节目全部表演完了。 [phr] All the performances are over. ＝节目全表演完了。

2. 全 and 全部 can both appear before a noun as the attributive modifier. But the noun after 全 must be a collective noun (E.g.3). And 全部 is used on other nouns (E.g. 4). For example:
E.g 3.
- 全市 [n] whole city
- 全省 [n] the whole province
- 全球 [n] the complete world, all over the world
- 全世界 [n] worldwide, the entire world
E.g. 4
- 全部文件 [phr] all the documents
- 他把全部藏书都捐献给了图书馆。 [phr] He presented his whole collection of books to the library.
lisaC
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What other words can be used to mean the same thing as 全 (quán)?
个学生
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In what contexts is 全 (quán) commonly used?
个学生
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