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The difference in usage between 趁 (chèn) and 利用 (lìyòng) is that 趁 implies taking advantage of a situation that is already present, while 利用 implies creating a situation to take advantage of.
For example, 趁 (chèn) can be used to describe taking advantage of a situation that already exists, such as "趁着他不在家，我们把他的房间打扫了一遍" (Chènzhe tā bùzài jiā, wǒmen bǎ tā de fángjiān dǎsǎo le yībiàn; "Taking advantage of him not being home, we cleaned his room").
On the other hand, 利用 (lìyòng) implies creating a situation to take advantage of, such as "利用这次机会，我们可以把这个问题解决" (Lìyòng zhè cì jīhuì, wǒmen kěyǐ bǎ zhège wèntí jiějué; "Taking advantage of this opportunity, we can solve this problem").
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